What are the advantages and disadvantages of a horizontally opposed engine?
1 Answers
Advantages and disadvantages of horizontally opposed engines include low center of gravity as an advantage and complex structure as a disadvantage. Here are the details: Advantages: The biggest advantage of a horizontally opposed engine is its low center of gravity. Since its cylinders are "laid flat," it not only lowers the car's center of gravity but also allows for a flatter and lower front-end design, all of which enhance the vehicle's driving stability. Additionally, the horizontally opposed cylinder layout is a symmetrical and stable structure, which makes the engine run smoother than a V-type engine and minimizes power loss during operation. Of course, the lower center of gravity and balanced weight distribution also contribute to better handling. Disadvantages: The horizontally opposed structure is relatively complex, and issues such as the low center of gravity are difficult to address. Due to gravity, the horizontally placed cylinders cause oil to flow to the bottom, leaving one side of the cylinders inadequately lubricated. High-precision manufacturing leads to higher maintenance costs, and the wider engine body makes layout less favorable. Moreover, because the pistons are placed horizontally and affected by their own gravity, the friction between the top and bottom of the piston and the cylinder liner during horizontal reciprocation is uneven. This results in different wear patterns on the upper and lower inner surfaces of the cylinder liner, with the bottom experiencing more wear.
