Under which company is Lynk & Co?

What is the function of the three-way catalytic converter in a car?

The three-way catalytic converter is the most important external purification device installed in the automotive exhaust system. It converts harmful gases such as CO, HC, and NOx emitted from vehicle exhaust into harmless carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen through oxidation and reduction reactions. The substrate of the three-way catalytic converter is a porous ceramic material installed in a specially designed exhaust pipe. It does not participate in the catalytic reaction itself but is coated with precious metals such as platinum, rhodium, and palladium that facilitate the reaction. The three-way catalyst begins to react at a minimum temperature of 350°C. When the temperature is too low, the conversion efficiency drops sharply; excessively high temperatures can also accelerate catalyst aging. To check whether the catalytic converter is damaged or overheated during operation, observe its surface for dents, severe discoloration spots, or slight bluish and purple traces on the shell. Additionally, due to catalyst substrate breakage, peeling, or oil accumulation, the channels in the substrate can become blocked, increasing flow resistance. This can be checked by measuring the pressure loss.

14

0

Share

What are the reasons for the BMW 525 indicating a lack of coolant?

BMW 525 indicating a lack of coolant can be caused by insufficient coolant, a damaged coolant reservoir, or deteriorated vehicle coolant, among other reasons. Insufficient coolant: Check the actual coolant level to see if it is low. If the coolant is insufficient, there may be a leak in the cooling system. For example, there could be a leak in the pipes or radiator, which requires timely inspection at a repair facility to identify the exact leak point. If the leak is not visible to the naked eye, professional pressure testing is needed. Damaged coolant reservoir: The coolant level in the reservoir may be at the upper limit, but the vehicle dashboard still prompts to add coolant. This situation is relatively common in the BMW 525, where the float of the coolant level sensor is stuck. Replacing the coolant reservoir can resolve the issue. Deteriorated vehicle coolant: Vehicle coolant can naturally deplete and deteriorate over time, so it is necessary to regularly add and replace the coolant. When confirming a lack of coolant, ensure to add it when the engine is cold, taking care to prevent burns for safety.

4

3

Share

What grade of gasoline should a Volkswagen CC use?

Volkswagen CC should use 95-octane gasoline, as recommended in the vehicle's official owner's manual. In addition to checking the appropriate gasoline grade in the owner's manual, you can also find it marked on the fuel tank cap. Typically, the gasoline grade can also be determined based on the engine's compression ratio. Vehicles with an engine compression ratio between 8.6-9.9 should use 92-octane gasoline, while those with a compression ratio between 10.0-11.5 should use 95-octane gasoline. If the compression ratio is higher, 98-octane gasoline is recommended. However, with the use of new technologies, the compression ratio alone cannot determine the appropriate gasoline grade. A high compression ratio can also be tuned to use lower-octane gasoline, as factors such as ignition timing, turbocharging technology, and Atkinson cycle technology also play a role. Generally, the higher the gasoline grade, the higher the octane number and the better the anti-knock performance. 92-octane gasoline contains 92% isooctane and 8% n-heptane, while 95-octane gasoline contains 95% isooctane and 5% n-heptane. If a Volkswagen CC occasionally uses the wrong gasoline grade, simply switch back to the correct grade after the current tank is used up. However, long-term use of the wrong gasoline grade can have the following effects: For vehicles recommended to use lower-octane gasoline, using higher-octane gasoline will not cause damage, but the increase in octane number may alter the fuel's ignition point, leading to delayed combustion in the engine. This reduces the engine's power output and thermal efficiency, resulting in poorer performance. For vehicles recommended to use higher-octane gasoline, using lower-octane gasoline can cause engine knocking. The significantly lower octane number lowers the fuel's ignition point, causing premature ignition during the compression stroke. If combustion occurs before the spark plug fires, resistance is created during the upward stroke. This resistance makes the engine run very unevenly. Mild knocking may only increase noise without significant engine damage, but severe knocking indicates serious engine conditions, affecting not only driving stability but also causing abnormal wear on the pistons and cylinders, potentially leading to cylinder scoring.

20

4

Share

Is running a red light due to traffic signal malfunction considered a violation?

Running a red light due to traffic signal malfunction is not considered a violation. If the red light violation was indeed caused by objective reasons such as traffic signal malfunction, you can file an appeal for reconsideration. Criteria for determining a red light violation: Electronic monitoring devices capture three photos as evidence for determining a red light violation: the front wheels crossing the stop line, the rear wheels crossing the stop line, and the front wheels crossing the opposite stop line. Only when all three photos are present will it be considered a red light violation. How to avoid running a red light while driving: When there are arrow signals, follow the arrow lights; otherwise, follow the circular lights; When the red light is on, the front of the vehicle must not cross the stop line; When the yellow light is on, the front of the vehicle must not cross the stop line; When the green light just starts flashing, if you are close and moving fast, you should proceed, as you might not be able to stop in time and could cross the stop line; if you are far away, moving slowly, or the intersection is congested, you should stop; When driving in the city, develop the habit of looking for traffic lights whenever you see a crosswalk or stop line at an intersection.

15

2

Share

What are the symptoms and repair methods for a faulty diesel fuel pump?

Fuel pump damage will cause the car to fail to operate normally. The main manifestations of fuel pump damage include the collapse of the fuel supply system and the inability to start the vehicle. Check the car engine computer, read the measured value block, and select "589". The normal value is usually around 3.8 kPa.

6

2

Share

What are the penalties and points for speeding over 60%?

Motor vehicle drivers who violate road traffic safety laws and regulations regarding road traffic rules shall be given a warning or imposed with corresponding fines. Exceeding the prescribed speed limit by more than 50% but less than 70% will result in a fine, 12 demerit points, and may also include the revocation of the driver's license.

16

2

Share

Under which company is Lynk & Co?

What is the function of the three-way catalytic converter in a car?

What are the reasons for the BMW 525 indicating a lack of coolant?

What grade of gasoline should a Volkswagen CC use?

Is running a red light due to traffic signal malfunction considered a violation?

What are the symptoms and repair methods for a faulty diesel fuel pump?

What are the penalties and points for speeding over 60%?

Does crossing the stop line refer to the front or rear wheels touching the line?

Should a Flooded Car Be Scrapped or Repaired?

What is Refrigerant Oil?

What Causes the Black Screen on the Buick LaCrosse Center Console Display?