How to Repair an Automotive Alternator?
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Automotive alternator repair can begin with an external inspection, as some mechanical faults can be visually identified, such as bearing wear or rotor deformation. After ruling out external factors, specialized instruments like multimeters, oscilloscopes, and decoders can be used to diagnose and eliminate common alternator faults, such as brush wear, stator insulation sleeve detachment causing short circuits, or rectifier diode short-circuit burnouts. For daily maintenance of automotive alternators, the focus is primarily on cleaning and inspection, as outlined below: 1. Cleaning: The heat generated during alternator operation is dissipated by airflow from the fan behind the pulley, which enters the casing for cooling. Removing accumulated dirt and dust from the alternator's exterior ensures ventilation pathways remain clear, facilitating heat dissipation. 2. Checking and adjusting belt tension: The alternator is driven by the engine via a belt, and the belt tension should be adjusted appropriately. If too loose, the belt may slip, leading to insufficient power generation; if too tight, it may cause belt damage or excessive wear on the alternator bearings. To check belt tension: In a static state, apply 50N of force at the midpoint of the belt. If it deflects by 10~12mm, the tension is correct. 3. Inspecting wiring: Ensure the connections between the alternator and regulator are secure and in good contact. Any rust should be promptly cleaned with sandpaper, and oxidized wires should also be cleaned thoroughly.
