A basic car tune-up involves replacing the spark plugs, air filter, and engine oil and filter, along with inspecting other key components like the cabin air filter and PCV valve. For modern vehicles, the process is less about ignition timing and more about preventative maintenance to ensure optimal fuel economy, performance, and emissions. The core goal is to restore lost efficiency, not necessarily to boost power beyond factory specifications.
The specific steps depend heavily on your car's make, model, and mileage. Always consult your owner's manual for the manufacturer's recommended service intervals. A standard tune-up for a car with over 60,000 miles typically includes:
- New Spark Plugs: Worn plugs cause misfires, rough idling, and poor acceleration. Iridium or platinum tipped plugs often last 100,000 miles.
- New Air Filter: A clogged filter restricts airflow to the engine, reducing power and fuel efficiency. Hold it up to a light; if you can't see light through it, replace it.
- New Engine Oil and Filter: This is the most critical routine service. It lubricates internal components and prevents wear.
- Inspections: Check the cabin air filter (for clean air inside the car), engine belts for cracks, PCV valve for proper function, and ignition coils if a misfire code is present.
For a systematic approach, follow these steps. First, disconnect the negative battery cable for safety. Then, replace the air filter and spark plugs (one at a time to avoid mixing up ignition wires). Next, perform an oil and filter change. Finally, reconnect the battery. If your check engine light is on, using an OBD-II scanner to read diagnostic trouble codes should be your first step before any work begins.
| Common Tune-Up Component | Typical Replacement Interval | Key Benefit |
|---|
| Engine Oil & Filter | 5,000 - 7,500 miles (or per manual) | Lubrication, engine longevity |
| Engine Air Filter | 15,000 - 30,000 miles | Optimal fuel-air mixture, power |
| Spark Plugs | 30,000 - 100,000 miles | Smooth ignition, fuel economy |
| Cabin Air Filter | 15,000 - 25,000 miles | Improved interior air quality |
| PCV Valve | 60,000 - 100,000 miles | Regulates crankcase pressure |
| Serpentine Belt | 60,000 - 100,000 miles | Powers alternator, AC, power steering |
