How to Check the Pressure of the Power Steering Pump?
4 Answers
Here is an introduction to the method for checking the pressure of the power steering pump: 1. First, connect a pressure gauge with a range of 15MPa and a throttle valve in series between the power steering pump and the steering valve pipeline. Start the engine (if it is necessary to replenish ATF fluid into the reservoir). 2. Let the engine idle and turn the steering wheel several times. 3. Then quickly close the throttle valve, not exceeding 5-10 seconds, and read the pressure value. The following describes the impact of oil pressure on the vehicle: 1. If the oil pressure does not meet the specified requirements, slowly close the shut-off valve, but do not exceed 15 seconds, to determine whether the fault lies with the steering gear or the pump. 2. If the oil pressure is normal, it indicates that the pump is functioning properly, and the issue may be a damaged gear in the power steering gear. If the oil pressure is higher than normal, the pressure relief valve in the pump may be damaged. If the oil pressure is lower than normal, the pump itself may be faulty.
Checking the power steering pump pressure typically starts with a specialized pressure gauge. Locate the high-pressure port on the steering system to connect the equipment, ensure the car engine is started and runs for a few minutes to warm up, then slowly turn the steering wheel to the lock position to read the gauge value. Normal pressure values should refer to the vehicle model manual, mostly around 1000 to 1500 psi. Pressure that's too low may be caused by pump wear or leakage, while excessively high pressure suggests valve blockage or regulator failure. I would also check the power steering fluid level and inspect the lines for leaks, addressing any abnormalities immediately after testing to avoid the risk of steering lock-up. Remember safety measures, such as wearing protective gloves to prevent high-pressure oil spray.
Last time my car's steering suddenly became heavy, and I suspected the oil pump was faulty, so I checked the pressure. I borrowed a pressure gauge and connected it to the high-pressure hose, started the engine, and let it warm up for about ten minutes. Then, while an assistant turned the steering wheel, I took the reading and found it was only 800 psi, far below the standard. The issue was internal aging of the oil pump, and replacing it with a new part fixed the problem. I recommend older cars undergo such tests regularly, and check the fluid level every six months to prevent failures. If the reading is abnormal, don't ignore it—small issues can escalate into major problems, potentially causing loss of control during turns.
Checking power steering pump pressure is not difficult to get started: connect a pressure testing tool to the pump's high-pressure port. Operate with the engine off to avoid accidental injury. After connecting, start the car and let it idle for a few minutes to warm up. Then turn the steering wheel to its limit position and observe the gauge reading—normal pressure should be between 1000-1500 psi. Low pressure is often due to a faulty pump or low fluid; if the pressure is too high, the relief valve might be stuck and needs cleaning. I can handle it myself, but beginners should watch video tutorials first to ensure safety. After testing, reset all components and check for oil traces in the lines.
