How many types of suspensions are there?
3 Answers
Suspensions are divided into 7 types, which are: 1. Double-wishbone suspension; 2. MacPherson suspension; 3. Multi-link suspension; 4. Double transverse arm suspension; 5. Double ball joint suspension; 6. Torsion beam suspension; 7. Solid axle suspension. The suspension is the general term for all the force-transmitting connection devices between the vehicle's frame and the axle or wheels. The functions of the suspension are: 1. To provide cushioning when the vehicle passes over uneven ground; 2. To ensure that the wheels move within a fixed angle, making steering stable; 3. To support the weight of the wheels; 4. To maintain good contact between the wheels and the ground, ensuring that the driving force and braking force generated between the wheels and the ground are accurately transmitted to the vehicle body.
When it comes to suspension classification, we can divide them into two main categories: independent suspension and non-independent suspension, based on their structure. Independent suspension means each wheel is connected separately and can move independently, like the family car I drive—it handles bumpy roads really well without much jolting. Non-independent suspension, on the other hand, connects the wheels together and is commonly found in pickup trucks or some SUVs. It's simple, durable, and can handle heavy loads, but the handling isn't as responsive as independent suspension. Breaking it down further, independent suspension includes MacPherson strut and double-wishbone types. MacPherson is cheaper and easier to maintain, making it suitable for regular cars, while double-wishbone is better for sports cars to enhance handling. For non-independent suspension, the torsion beam is a common example. When choosing, consider the purpose: for daily commuting and comfort, go for independent suspension; for hauling or off-roading, non-independent is more reliable. Don’t overlook suspension maintenance either—regularly check the shock absorbers and springs to avoid oil leaks or strange noises that could affect driving safety. Oh, and when new cars hype up their suspension performance, don’t be fooled—test driving is the most practical way to judge.
Suspension systems can be technically categorized into several types: the core being independent and non-independent, along with advanced types like air suspension or electronic suspension. Independent suspension allows wheels to move freely, making it suitable for precise handling; non-independent structures are simpler and come standard on most cars. Air suspension uses airbags instead of springs, enabling automatic adjustment of height and stiffness—like my friend’s luxury car, which rides softly but costs more to maintain. Electronic suspension relies on sensors to adjust damping in real-time, ensuring stability during turns and smoothness at high speeds. From a maintenance perspective, suspension components like ball joints and tie rods are prone to wear—city drivers should inspect them every 50,000 km. Off-road non-independent suspensions are more resistant to dirt. Be cautious when modifying; only professional shops can ensure safety. Common suspension issues include sagging or noise—address them promptly to prevent tire wear and compromised handling.
