How Many Grades Are There for Motorcycle Engine Oil?
2 Answers
Motorcycle engine oil quality grades are determined by the API standard (i.e., the "American Petroleum Institute" standard). This is a comprehensive measure of the quality of engine oil, with grades ranging from low to high as follows: SA, SB, SC, SD, SE, SF, SG, SH, SJ, SL, SM, SN. Identifying Motorcycle Engine Oil Grades: Motorcycle engine oil grades can be identified by the markings on the packaging. From "SA" to "SN," each subsequent letter indicates better performance than the previous one. Additionally, engine oils contain additives designed to protect the engine. The further the letter is in the alphabet, the higher the oil grade. Currently, most international brands offer engine oils with grades above SF. Choosing Motorcycle Engine Oil: Today, there are numerous engine oil brands, each offering multiple grades, with gasoline engine oils having nearly dozens of specifications. Consumers should focus on selecting the oil that best suits their vehicle. Higher oil grades are not necessarily better, nor are more expensive options always superior. The most important factor is choosing the right oil for your motorcycle.
There are quite a few motorcycle oil grades, mainly three types: The first is the viscosity grade, such as SAE 10W-40. The number before the W indicates the flow performance during winter startup—the smaller the number, the easier it is to start. The number after represents the viscosity at high temperatures—the larger the number, the better the protection. For example, riding in northern regions requires selecting a model with good low-temperature performance. The second is the API performance grade, such as SN or SL, which indicate oil quality and engine compatibility. Newer letters like SP represent more advanced formulations, reducing emissions and extending engine life. The third is the JASO standard specifically for motorcycles, such as JASO MA or MB, distinguishing whether the oil is friendly to wet clutches. Using the wrong type may cause slippage and damage—I’ve personally experienced the smoothness after an oil change. This grade selection directly affects riding safety, so always check the owner’s manual before choosing. Don’t cheap out and use car oil randomly.
