How many functions does Volkswagen ESP have?

[DelNathan]

Volkswagen ESP has 2 functions. The Electronic Stability Program (ESP) is an anti-skid device for vehicles that can control both the drive wheels and the driven wheels, including ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) and ASR (Anti-Slip Regulation). The role of ESP: During vehicle operation, ESP system sensors continuously monitor the vehicle's status information, including the driver's steering direction and angle, wheel speed, yaw angle, and roll rate. Once the ESP's electronic control unit detects abnormal vehicle conditions, it will promptly intervene in the vehicle's assistance control system to adjust engine speed, wheel braking force, and steering wheel angle, correcting the vehicle's steering characteristics to prevent skidding. ESP intervention: When the vehicle experiences oversteering, ESP will also intervene in the vehicle's control mechanism, promptly acting on the outer front wheel to reduce the tendency of excessive turning and prevent the vehicle from fishtailing. ESP not only works when the vehicle is oversteering but also intervenes in the vehicle control system when understeering occurs, braking the inner rear wheel while reducing engine output torque, thereby ensuring the vehicle's steering direction aligns with the driver's operational intent.