There is no universal, fixed number of days a dealership can legally hold your car for repair. The timeframe depends on the repair's complexity, part availability, your state's lemon laws, and the specific terms of your warranty or service contract. The key is reasonable time. A simple oil change should take hours, not days, while waiting for a back-ordered part for a complex engine issue could reasonably take weeks. Your best recourse is clear, documented communication with the service advisor.
The most critical factor is often your state's Lemon Law. These laws protect consumers if a new car (and sometimes used cars) has a substantial defect that cannot be repaired after a "reasonable number of attempts" within a certain period. This period often includes a cumulative total of days the car is out of service. For example, in many states, if your new car is in the shop for 30 days total within the first year or 12,000 miles, it may qualify as a lemon, entitling you to a replacement or refund.
What you can do:
- Get an Estimate in Writing: Always ask for a repair order that includes a diagnostic summary and a time estimate before work begins.
- Request a Loaner Car: If the repair will take more than a day, ask the dealership for a loaner vehicle. This is often included in a new car warranty or can be negotiated.
- Communicate Frequently: Follow up politely but persistently for updates, especially if the deadline passes. Create a paper trail with emails.
- Know Your Warranty: Review your warranty booklet to understand your rights regarding loaner cars and repair timelines.
- Escalate if Necessary: If delays are unreasonable, speak to the service manager, then the general manager. As a last resort, contact the manufacturer's customer service line or consult a consumer protection attorney.
| State Lemon Law Example: Days Out of Service Threshold | Typical Qualification Period (from purchase) |
|---|
| California: 30 days | 18 months or 18,000 miles |
| New York: 30 days | 2 years or 18,000 miles |
| Texas: 30 days | 24 months or 24,000 miles |
| Florida: 30 days | 24 months |
| Illinois: 30 days | 12 months or 12,000 miles |
