The distance an electric car can travel on one kilowatt-hour (kWh) of electricity, known as its efficiency, typically ranges from 2 to 5 miles. Most modern EVs achieve between 3 and 4 miles per kWh. This figure is the electric equivalent of miles per gallon (MPG) for gasoline cars. Your actual results will depend heavily on the vehicle's design, driving conditions, and your habits.
The primary factor is the vehicle's size and weight. Large electric SUVs and trucks have to move more mass, which requires more energy. Smaller, more aerodynamic sedans and hatchbacks are inherently more efficient. For example, a sleek sedan will almost always travel farther on the same amount of energy than a bulky, boxy SUV.
Driving style has an immediate and dramatic impact. Aggressive acceleration and high-speed driving on highways significantly increase energy consumption. Regenerative braking, a feature that captures energy during deceleration and returns it to the battery, can greatly improve efficiency in stop-and-go city driving. Using climate control, especially heating in winter, is another major drain on the battery, as the energy for warmth must come from the same battery that powers the motor.
Here’s a comparison of EPA-estimated efficiency for popular 2024 models to illustrate the range:
| Vehicle Model | Body Style | Estimated Efficiency (miles/kWh) |
|---|
| Hyundai Ioniq 6 | Sedan | 4.3 |
| Tesla Model 3 | Sedan | 4.2 |
| Chevrolet Bolt EV | Hatchback | 3.9 |
| Ford Mustang Mach-E | SUV | 3.4 |
| Tesla Model Y | SUV | 3.3 |
| Rivian R1T | Pickup Truck | 2.7 |
| GMC Hummer EV | Pickup Truck | 2.0 |
To maximize your EV's range, focus on smooth acceleration, use regenerative braking settings, and pre-condition the car's temperature while it's still plugged in. Knowing your car's specific efficiency is key to accurately planning longer trips and understanding charging costs.
