How Does Electronic Power Steering Work?
2 Answers
Electronic power steering works by having the torque sensor activate when the steering shaft rotates, converting the relative angular displacement between the input and output shafts caused by the torsion bar into electrical signals sent to the ECU. The ECU determines the motor's rotation direction and the magnitude of the assist current based on signals from the vehicle speed sensor and torque sensor, thereby achieving real-time control of power steering. The advantages of the electronic power steering system are as follows: Reduced fuel consumption: There is no steering pump, and the electric motor is only powered when steering is required, minimizing both power consumption and fuel usage. Improved return-to-center characteristics: Utilizing microelectronic technology and software to control the motor's operation allows for the adjustment of design parameters to achieve optimal return-to-center characteristics.
Having driven for over twenty years, I find electric power steering makes driving much easier. When turning the steering wheel, built-in sensors detect the force, and the computer calculates before the motor assists with steering. Parking becomes effortless with one-handed turns, while high-speed driving remains stable without drifting. Compared to old hydraulic systems, it eliminates the oil pump, preventing leaks or noise, while being more fuel-efficient and durable. My car also features lane-keeping assist, which uses this electric steering for automatic minor adjustments, making long drives comfortable and safe. Routine maintenance just requires checking sensors and wiring harnesses, with few issues typically arising. This technology is a real advancement, especially easing the strain during city traffic jams.
