How Does an Exhaust Gas Turbocharger Work?
2 Answers
Exhaust gas turbocharger operates as follows: 1. Increasing intake air volume by compressing air: It utilizes the inertial impulse of exhaust gases expelled by the engine to drive the turbine in the turbine chamber. The turbine then drives the coaxial impeller, which compresses and delivers air from the air filter pipeline, pressurizing it into the cylinders. The increased pressure and density of the air entering the cylinders allow for more fuel to be burned, correspondingly increasing fuel supply and adjusting engine speed, thereby enhancing the engine's output power. 2. Harnessing the energy of engine exhaust gases: The exhaust gases impact the turbine installed in the exhaust system, causing it to rotate at high speed. Simultaneously, this drives the compressor to rotate, compressing the intake air and forcibly delivering it under pressure into the cylinders. Since engine power is proportional to the intake air volume, this process can boost engine power. 3. Generating extremely high internal pressure: Although the turbocharger body has holes to release high-pressure gases, these may still be insufficient under continuous boost conditions. A pressure relief valve allows rapid release of high-pressure gases to facilitate the next boosting action.
I've always been a car enthusiast, especially fascinated by the little secrets of engines. The working principle of an exhaust gas turbocharger is actually quite cool: it uses the exhaust gases from the engine to drive a turbine to rotate. That turbine spins at high speed in the exhaust pipe like a little fan, while simultaneously driving a compressor on the other end, which works hard to force more air into the engine's intake pipe. This way, the engine takes in more air, and with a bit more fuel injection, the power instantly increases, making it feel like an accelerator has been added. I think this thing is fantastic—it gives ordinary engines the punch of a sports car and also improves fuel efficiency, saving some money on gas during long drives. However, remember to maintain it regularly, like changing the engine oil to keep it clean, to avoid the turbo overheating or carbon buildup, ensuring it lasts longer.
