How Does an Automatic Transmission Work?
2 Answers
Automatic transmission works by utilizing planetary gear sets to change gears. It automatically shifts gears based on the degree of throttle pedal input and vehicle speed changes, allowing the driver to simply control the speed by operating the accelerator pedal. The functions of automatic transmission are: 1. Enabling the vehicle to move in reverse while maintaining the engine's rotation direction; 2. Using neutral gear to interrupt power transmission, allowing the engine to start, idle, and facilitating gear shifting or power output; 3. Changing the gear ratio to expand the range of torque and speed variations at the drive wheels, adapting to constantly changing driving conditions while keeping the engine operating under favorable conditions.
Actually, an automatic transmission is like a smart assistant that makes driving much easier. At its core, it uses a torque converter to replace the traditional clutch - when the engine rotates, the fluid inside the torque converter transmits the power. The transmission also contains planetary gear sets, an ingenious design that achieves different gears through various gear combinations. The most impressive part is the control computer, which constantly monitors data like vehicle speed and throttle position to command the hydraulic system for automatic gear changes. For example, when you press the accelerator to speed up, the transmission senses the RPM change and proactively downshifts. When stopping at a red light, the torque converter can cushion the power to prevent stalling. Modern luxury car transmissions now have seven or eight gears, with computer algorithms enabling fast and smooth shifts that are barely noticeable.
