How Does a Continuously Variable Transmission Work?
2 Answers
A continuously variable transmission (CVT) operates using two variable-diameter pulleys connected by a belt. The belt is looped around conical pulleys, and the outer diameter of these pulleys is adjusted continuously via hydraulic pressure. Unlike traditional transmissions that rely on complex and heavy gear sets, a CVT uses only two sets of pulleys for speed variation. By altering the contact radius of the belt between the driving and driven pulleys, the CVT achieves seamless changes in gear ratios. This allows for optimal matching between the engine's operating conditions and the drivetrain, enhancing fuel efficiency, power performance, and driving comfort. As a result, CVTs are considered an ideal automotive transmission solution.
I'm quite impressed with how the Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) works, especially since I often drive Hyundai cars. Instead of fixed gears, it uses two conical pulleys and a steel belt or chain system. When you press the accelerator to speed up, the belt slides between the pulleys, changing their contact area to adjust the gear ratio. As the engine delivers power, the belt automatically finds the optimal position, ensuring smooth RPM transitions and avoiding the jerky shifts of traditional automatics. This also improves fuel efficiency, saving over 5% on average. However, maintenance is crucial—the belt wears easily, so regular transmission fluid changes are key. In city traffic, CVT feels exceptionally smooth, with effortless starts, though it might need a firmer push when climbing steep highways. Overall, CVT is synonymous with comfort and economy, making it a top choice, especially in hybrid models where it performs even better.
