How Does a Car Air Conditioning System Achieve Cooling?
1 Answers
Car air conditioning systems achieve cooling through a refrigeration system. Below is a detailed introduction to the refrigeration system: 1. Structural Components: The car air conditioning refrigeration system consists of a compressor, condenser, receiver-drier, expansion valve, evaporator, and blower. These components are connected via copper pipes (or aluminum pipes) and high-pressure rubber hoses to form a sealed system. 2. Cycle Process: When the refrigeration system operates, the refrigerant circulates in different states within this sealed system. Each cycle involves four basic processes: (1) Compression Process: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas from the evaporator outlet and compresses it into high-temperature, high-pressure gas, which is then discharged from the compressor. (2) Heat Dissipation Process: The high-temperature, high-pressure superheated refrigerant gas enters the condenser, where it condenses into a liquid due to the reduction in pressure and temperature, releasing a significant amount of heat. (3) Throttling Process: The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant liquid passes through the expansion device, causing its volume to increase and its pressure and temperature to drop sharply, exiting the expansion device as a mist (fine droplets). (4) Heat Absorption Process: The mist-like refrigerant liquid enters the evaporator. Since the boiling point of the refrigerant is much lower than the temperature inside the evaporator, the refrigerant liquid evaporates into a gas. During this evaporation process, it absorbs a large amount of heat from the surroundings, and the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant vapor then re-enters the compressor. These processes repeat continuously to lower the temperature of the air around the evaporator.
