How are autonomous driving levels classified?
1 Answers
Autonomous driving levels are classified as follows: L0 No Automation, L1 Driver Assistance, where the system provides occasional assistance, L2 Partial Automation, where the driver must still remain attentive to road conditions, L3 Conditional Automation, L4 High Automation, and L5: Full Automation, where humans become complete passengers. The classification of autonomous driving levels is as follows: L0 No Automation: No automation technology is present, and vehicle driving relies entirely on manual operation by the driver, including braking, steering, throttle, and powertrain control. L1 Driver Assistance: The system provides specific autonomous driving functions, such as continuous steering or acceleration and braking control, but only under limited conditions and specific circumstances. L2 Partial Automation: The system offers combined autonomous driving functions, capable of controlling acceleration and deceleration as well as steering, such as ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) combined with lane-keeping assistance. L3 Conditional Automation: This involves limited self-driving capability, where the vehicle can operate without driver control in specific driving and traffic environments, automatically detecting environmental changes to determine whether to return to driver control mode. The driver does not need to continuously monitor the system, hence it can be termed "semi-autonomous driving." L4 High Automation: The system fully controls the vehicle, continuously monitoring the traffic environment to achieve all driving objectives. Occupants only need to provide a destination or input navigation information. L5 Full Automation: The system completely controls the vehicle, continuously monitoring the traffic environment to achieve all driving objectives. Occupants only need to provide a destination or input navigation information, with no need for any manual intervention at any time, hence it can be termed "full autonomous driving" or "driverless."
