How are automotive engines generally classified?
2 Answers
Classification of automotive engines: 1. Classification by piston movement: Piston internal combustion engines can be divided into reciprocating piston type and rotary piston type. The former moves in a reciprocating linear motion within the cylinder, while the latter rotates within the cylinder; 2. Classification by intake system: Internal combustion engines can be divided into naturally aspirated (non-turbocharged) engines and forced induction (turbocharged) engines based on whether the intake system uses turbocharging; 3. Classification by cylinder arrangement: Internal combustion engines can be classified into single-row, double-row, and triple-row types based on different cylinder arrangements. In single-row engines, all cylinders are arranged in a single row, usually vertically, but sometimes tilted or even horizontally to reduce height. Double-row engines arrange the cylinders in two rows with an angle between them.
There are indeed many classifications of automotive engines, which I pay close attention to while driving. Generally, they are categorized by fuel type, such as gasoline engines, diesel engines, and the now-popular hybrid and pure electric engines, with different fuels affecting fuel consumption and power; by cylinder arrangement, for example, inline engines are suitable for small cars and cost-effective, while V-type engines are used in sports cars for smoother operation; then by working cycle, four-stroke engines are more efficient than two-stroke ones, the latter being rare nowadays; cooling methods are also crucial, with air-cooled systems mostly found in older models and water-cooled systems being the mainstream, offering better heat dissipation and less overheating. Understanding these helps me weigh performance and maintenance needs when choosing a car, such as gasoline engines offering quick acceleration but higher fuel costs, while diesel engines are durable but noisier.
