
Common brake pad faults are as follows: 1. Brake pedal not returning: After pressing the brake pedal, the pedal does not return to its original position or returns slowly. This phenomenon is mostly caused by dirt on the wheel cylinder piston. Simply clean the wheel cylinder piston, and ensure that the air in the brake lines and brake fluid is completely bled afterward. 2. Soft brake pedal: A soft brake pedal is very common. Causes include insufficient brake fluid, thinning brake discs and pads, air in the brake lines, or deteriorated brake fluid. The most common issues are deteriorated or insufficient brake fluid. 3. Brake noise: Brake noise mainly occurs when pressing the brake while driving, producing a sharp metal friction sound (very harsh). This may be due to thin brake pads, low-quality brake pads, foreign objects in the brake pads, or rust on the brake discs. Usually, pressing the brake a few more times can alleviate the noise. 4. Brake failure: Brake failure is a very serious issue. Normally, brake failure does not occur unless there are quality issues with the car or faults in the brake system. Brake failure is often related to car quality. When brake failure occurs, first control the direction based on the car's speed, gradually downshift to utilize engine braking, and slowly reduce the speed. When the speed is below 60km/h, consider using the handbrake to slow down (using it at high speeds can cause accidents). 5. Pedal feedback: There are two types of pedal feedback. One is feeling a slight bounce when pressing the brake hard, which is normal. The other is abnormal wear on the brake discs, such as uneven lines. This can cause pedal feedback and reduced braking force. The solution is to replace the brake discs and pads as soon as possible. 6. Hard brake pedal: A hard brake pedal is usually due to a failed vacuum brake booster. The vacuum brake booster has two chambers: one connected to the intake manifold and the other to the external atmosphere. When the engine is running, the intake manifold draws air, creating a fast flow and negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber. The other chamber is connected to the atmosphere. When braking is needed, the pressure difference between the two chambers generates assistance, applying pressure to the brake fluid to create friction between the brake pads and discs, producing braking force. 7. Brake pull: When braking, the steering wheel turns, and the car deviates from its straight path. This fault is caused by uneven braking force on the left and right sides.

Many car owners have reported hearing strange noises when braking, which is actually a typical sign of worn brake pads. The most common is a metallic grinding sound, especially when lightly braking at low speeds—that's the wear indicator on the brake pads reminding you it's time for a replacement. I've also noticed many cars experience shaking when braking, particularly noticeable at high speeds, usually due to warped brake rotors or uneven heating of the brake pad material. Sometimes, the brake pedal feels soft and lacks power when pressed, which is likely caused by oil contamination on the brake pad surface or reduced braking force due to material aging. The most dangerous scenario is when the brake pads are completely worn out, not only damaging the brake rotors but also making it difficult to stop the car in emergencies. Now, I always check the brake pad thickness during every service and recommend immediate replacement if it's below 3mm—after all, braking issues concern the safety of everyone in the car.

As a driver who frequently takes long-distance trips, I pay special attention to the condition of brake pads. What I fear most is encountering brake squealing—that sharp metallic sound is particularly irritating and indicates the brake pads are nearly worn out. Additionally, if I feel vibrations in the brake pedal or shaking in the steering wheel when braking, it's almost certain there's an issue with the brake pads. During normal driving, I also monitor the brake pedal travel; if I notice I have to press deeper than before for effective braking, it's a clear sign of excessive brake pad wear. Occasionally, I experience uneven braking force—stronger on one side and weaker on the other—which is likely due to uneven wear on the brake pads. All these issues should be addressed promptly, especially during rainy or snowy conditions when poor braking performance can be particularly dangerous on slippery roads.

Over the years of car repair, the most common brake pad issue is excessive wear. Many car owners don't come in for service until the brake pad wear indicator scrapes against the rotor, by which time deep grooves have already been carved into the disc surface. We also frequently encounter cases of brake pad cracking, primarily caused by the performance degradation of inferior quality brake pads under heat. Improper installation can also cause problems, such as rusted caliper slide pins seizing up, leading to uneven excessive wear. Some car owners report that newly replaced brake pads still squeak, usually because the hardened surface layer wasn't properly cleaned during the break-in period. I recommend checking brake pads every 10,000 kilometers - if you notice deep grooves or crumbling material, don't hesitate to replace them immediately.

When studying brake system materials, it was found that brake pad failures often occur on the metal backing plate. When the friction material wears to its limit, direct contact between the backing plate and the brake disc generates metal shavings. Thermal fade in high-temperature environments is also noteworthy, as continuous downhill braking can lead to severe reduction in braking efficiency. Improper installation angles can cause uneven wear, with one side being several millimeters thinner than the other. Some failures are quite hidden, such as abnormal noises caused by detached brake pad shims. I recommend choosing NAO material brake pads for their fast heat dissipation and excellent thermal fade resistance. If cracks or oil stains appear on the brake pad surface, immediate replacement is necessary.

The lifespan of brake pads is highly dependent on driving habits. Vehicles that frequently engage in hard braking may wear out brake pads twice as fast as those driven smoothly. I've noticed that winter road salt accelerates brake pad corrosion, especially for pads with high metal content. For cars frequently driven on mountain roads, it's crucial to inspect the brake pad surface for heat cracks, which indicate overheating. When installing new pads, ensure the caliper retracts properly to avoid brake drag and increased fuel consumption. A small but important detail is that anti-rattle shims require regular lubrication; otherwise, the metal-on-metal friction can produce an unpleasant squealing noise. I recommend visually inspecting brake pad thickness every six months—just shine a flashlight to check. If the thickness is less than a coin's, it's time for replacement.


