Can Lead-Acid Battery Electric Vehicles Be Converted to Lithium Batteries?
2 Answers
Electric vehicles with lead-acid batteries can be converted to lithium batteries, but the voltage must match the original battery; otherwise, the vehicle will not operate. Typically, the range of a lead-acid battery is about 60 kilometers, while lithium battery vehicles can achieve a range between 60 to 300 kilometers. Below is an introduction to lead-acid and lithium batteries: 1. The lifespan of a lead-acid battery is defined by the capacity fading to 30% of its original capacity. Generally, it can undergo about 300 full charge-discharge cycles, with a lifespan of approximately one and a half years. If the riding distance is short, it can last up to 3 years. 2. Lithium batteries have a strict charging cycle limit, usually around 1,000 to 1,200 cycles, with a lifespan of 3 to 5 years. However, the charging method for lithium batteries is the opposite of lead-acid batteries—they should be fully discharged before recharging. If the battery is not used for an extended period, it should be fully charged every two months to prevent battery protection and extend its lifespan.
As a car mechanic, I often get asked this question. Converting a lead-acid battery electric vehicle to lithium batteries is feasible but requires caution. The core issue is voltage matching. For example, if the lead-acid vehicle is 48V, the lithium battery must also be 48V; otherwise, the battery may burn out or fail. The charger must be replaced with a dedicated lithium battery model because lead-acid chargers have different charging methods, and using the wrong one can cause overheating or fire. Battery size is also important. Lithium batteries are usually smaller and lighter, but installation must be secure to avoid loosening from vibration. Additionally, a BMS (Battery Management System) is essential as it monitors voltage and temperature to prevent overcharging or short circuits. Safety is paramount, so it's recommended to have the conversion done by a professional shop, as DIY carries significant risks and may lead to accidents. Cost-wise, the entire setup can range from a few hundred to a thousand yuan, which is more expensive than lead-acid batteries but offers long-term savings in electricity and durability.
