Yes, hybrid car batteries can catch fire, but the risk is statistically very low. Modern hybrid vehicles are engineered with extensive safety systems to prevent thermal runaway—a chain reaction leading to overheating and fire. The real-world data from agencies like the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) shows that hybrids and electric vehicles have a significantly lower fire incidence rate per 100,000 vehicles sold compared to gasoline-powered cars.
The primary cause of a hybrid battery fire is damage, often from a severe impact in a collision. The battery pack, typically located under the rear seat or in the trunk, is protected by a rigid casing. However, a significant enough impact can compromise this casing and damage the individual lithium-ion or nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) cells inside, creating a short circuit. Other causes include manufacturing defects, which are rare but can lead to recalls, and improper maintenance or aftermarket modifications that affect the high-voltage system.
To minimize risk, it's crucial to have any warning lights related to the hybrid system inspected immediately by a qualified technician. After a major accident, even if the car appears drivable, a professional should check the battery integrity. Here’s a comparison of fire incidents based on U.S. government data*:
| Vehicle Type | Approximate Fire Incidence per 100,000 Sales |
|---|
| Gasoline Vehicles | 1,530 |
| Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) | 3,475 |
| Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) | 3,305 |
| Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) | 25 |
*Data sourced from an analysis of NHTSA data by AutoInsuranceEZ. Note: The higher rate for hybrids compared to EVs is often attributed to the presence of both a high-voltage battery and a gasoline engine with flammable fuel.
The bottom line is that while the risk exists, it should not be a primary deterrent. The safety systems are robust, and the statistical likelihood of experiencing a hybrid battery fire is far lower than many other everyday risks.
