No, you generally cannot register a car without a title. The certificate of title is the primary legal document that proves you own the vehicle. The DMV requires it to transfer ownership and create a new registration. However, there are specific, state-regulated alternative procedures if the title is lost, or for special cases like antique cars or vehicles transferred through an estate.
If you've lost the title, the most common solution is to apply for a duplicate title from the DMV in the state where the car was last titled. You'll need to complete an application, show proof of identity, and pay a fee. This process can take a few weeks.
For a vehicle that never had a title, such as a very old classic car (often pre-1970s, depending on the state), you might be able to register it using a bonded title process. This involves purchasing a surety bond from an insurance company, which acts as a financial guarantee against someone else claiming ownership of the vehicle. The DMV will then issue a new title after a mandatory waiting period.
Another avenue is through a court-ordered title. If you have a bill of sale but the previous owner cannot or will not provide the title, you can petition a court to grant you legal ownership. This is a more complex and costly legal process.
It is crucial to be extremely cautious of sellers who cannot provide a title, as it may indicate the car is stolen, has unresolved liens (loans against it), or has a salvage brand that wasn't disclosed. Always verify the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) with your local DMV before purchasing a vehicle without a title.
| Alternative Method | Typical Use Case | Key Requirement | Potential Timeline |
|---|
| Duplicate Title | Lost or misplaced title. | Application and proof of ownership from the last titled owner. | 2-6 weeks |
| Bonded Title | No title exists (e.g., classic car), or title is unavailable. | Purchase a surety bond (often 1.5x the car's value). | 3-6 months |
| Court-Ordered Title | Seller is uncooperative or deceased. | File a petition with a civil court; may require a court hearing. | 2-4 months |
| Registration with Bill of Sale Only | Certain states for very old vehicles (e.g., Vermont loophole*). | Bill of sale; not available in most states for modern vehicles. | Varies |
| Transfer-on-Death Title | Inheriting a vehicle from an estate. | Death certificate and beneficiary documentation. | 4-8 weeks |
*Note: Procedures like the "Vermont loophole" are highly state-specific and may be closing. Always check your local DMV's current rules.
