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To calculate the cap rate for a rental property, divide the property’s Net Operating Income (NOI) by its current market value. The NOI is determined by subtracting all operating expenses—such as property taxes, insurance, and maintenance—from the total annual rental income, excluding mortgage payments. This ratio provides a measure of the property’s potential return on investment.
To calculate the depreciation of your property, divide its adjusted cost basis by the applicable recovery period. For residential rental properties, the IRS sets this period at 27.5 years. This approach, called straight-line depreciation, spreads the cost evenly over the recovery period and is the only method officially accepted by the IRS for property depreciation.
To calculate ROI on a rental property, subtract the annual operating expenses from the total yearly rental income, then divide the result by the property's purchase price or mortgage balance. This provides a basic return estimate, while additional metrics like cash-on-cash return or cap rate can give a more detailed view of potential investment performance.
To calculate your California property tax, you multiply your property's assessed value by your county's tax rate and then subtract any exemptions. The assessed value is generally the purchase price of the property, with annual increases capped at 2% or the inflation rate, whichever is lower, as a result of Proposition 13.

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Update time 25/8/2026